The seventeenth century saw many improvements being made to the
land. In East Anglia, no single economic proposal matched the ‘great
designe’ for the drainage of the Fens, which resulted in a
demand for highly detailed maps of the area north of Cambridge.
The ambitious drainage scheme was undertaken as a private venture
by a group of wealthy men led by Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford,
and involved creating a new, straight channel which was named the
Bedford River.
Russell died in 1641 and the English Civil War interrupted
the work, but in 1649 his son the 5th Earl resumed the project.
In 1650 Sir Jonas Moore was appointed Surveyor.