The Nagas

Hill Peoples of Northeast India

Project Introduction The Naga Database
  1. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Introduction origins of North East Frontier peoples articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 (1) INTRODUCTION. I COMMENCE with the North-Eastern Frontier, the basin of the mighty Brahmaputra, where the population, ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  2. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Introduction Garos and Kasias articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 I do not introduce the Asam hill and border tribes as the aborigines of that province, but have rather endeavoured to show that its colonizatio...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  3. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Introduction Kingdom of Kamarupa or Kamrup; invasion from the north - Kachari, Chutia, Lahong and Mech; invasion from west and south-west - Ko'cch articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 Their colonies gradually e...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  4. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Introduction Chutia or Kachari dynasty; fortified city of Dimapur; invasion by Shans articles Dimapur Dalton/ E.T. 1872 (2) The Chutia or Kachari dynasty continued to hold southern Upper Asam and Sadi...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  5. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam possible derivation of term 'naga' articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 (38) SECTION 6.- THE NAGAS OF UPPER ASAM. Having now reached the Butan boundary, let us cross the valle...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  6. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam extent of country; differences between peoples called Nagas; language articles Robinson Bori Dihung R. Kopili R. Barak R. Dhunsiri R. Dalton/ E.T. 1872 We ascend the...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  7. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam villages: clans; hereditary chiefs articles Dhunsiri R. Diyung R. (Doyang R.) Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Nagas east of the Doyang river (The eastern affluent of the Dhuns...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  8. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam houses: of chiefs; of others; skull shelves; British Government of Asam; murder by Nagas punished by punitive expeditions articles Mithun Tablong Chagnoi Mulong Jobo...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  9. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam tattooing: face tattoos; head-taking necessary before marriage articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 It was the custom of these clans to allow matrimony to those only who made ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  10. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam communication and cultivation: paths; terracing; destruction of trees by ringing and burning articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The communications between friendly villages ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  11. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam burials: miniature houses for the dead; boat-shaped coffins; funeral; American missionaries articles Robinson Deko R. Dihung R. Namsang Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The approac...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  12. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam religion: lack of belief in a divine power and no idea of heaven articles Robinson Dalton/ E.T. 1872 I have no knowledge of the religious ceremonies of the Nagas eas...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  13. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam marriages: late age at marriage; groom service; monogamy; good treatment of wives articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 Marriages are contracted comparatively late in life. Thi...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  14. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam war-dance: description of one witnessed at Sangnoi articles Sangnoi Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Naga war dances commence with a review or sham fight. I witnessed one at Sa...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  15. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam costume: shell head pieces; hats; ornaments; girdles of polished plates of brass; aprons; cane leg bands; pole-axe; spears; chiefs' stools articles Sangnoi Dalton/ E...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  16. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam guard house: drums; alarms articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 In all these Naga villages of the interior there is, at each of the fortified entrances, a large building well ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  17. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam physical traits: articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The young chiefs are sometimes fine looking men, and it is not an uncommon occurrence to find the chief himself a very po...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  18. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River government: no chiefs; village spokesman's office no hereditary; council of elders; feuding between clans; village melees articles D...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  19. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River gods: sacrifices; omens; genna; fire; cultivation articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 These Nagas sacrifice to several spirits to whom differ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  20. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River houses: bachelors' houses articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The houses are built with one of the gables elevated, whilst the other, that to...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  21. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River dances articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 These Nagas are fond of dancing. The men have a war dance, in which, as previously described, a re...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  22. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River ornaments and dress: coiled brass armlets; beads; hairstyles articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 They are very fond of ornaments: one peculia...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  23. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River marriages: bride price; value of women's work articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The marriages are arranged by payment to the parents of the...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  24. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River burial: coffins; stone cenotaphs articles Steward/ Major Dalton/ E.T. 1872 These Nagas bury their dead close to their houses in a co...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  25. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River food etc: frogs, lizards, snakes, rats, dogs, monkeys, cats, rice-beer; drinking tobacco oil articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 In regard to...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  26. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River Angami and Kachu Nagas: clan warfare - women unmolested; tribal warfare - women killed articles Kachu Angami Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The A...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  27. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River weapons: fire-arms, spears, daos, panjies, shields articles Angami Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Angamis have of late years taken to fire-ar...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  28. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River Arung Nagas articles Steward/ Major Arung Kuki Manipuri Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The other Nagas described by Major Steward are the Arung t...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  29. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis articles Steward Dalton/ E.T. 1872 SECTION 7. (2)- THE KUKIS. Steward gives us accounts of two clans of Kukis now settled in Kachar, the old and the new; but they are obviou...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  30. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis early notices: hereditary chiefs; clans with elected chiefs; villages; houses; hammocks; war; adoption; thieving; polygamy; idea of life after death enjoyed by those who com...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  31. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis physiognomy: articles Reynolds/ H.J. Dalton/ E.T. 1872 There appears to be considerable variety in the Kukis of the Chittagong jungles. Some are represented as very dark, bu...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  32. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis settlement: permission by British to Settle in Kachar after defeat by Lushais articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Kukis first made their appearance in the hill country south of K...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  33. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis government: chiefs-rajas; tribute; council; law; punishment; slavery; adultery or seduction articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 Each of the tribes has a raja, whose dignity they cons...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  34. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis deities: articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Kukis recognise a Supreme God and Creator whom they call Puthen. He is regarded as a benevolent deity, but he is the omniscient judge...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  35. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis diseases and cures; sacrifice; priests - Thimpu articles Steward Dalton/ E.T. 1872 As with nearly all the aboriginal tribes, diseases are attributed to the malevolence of so...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  36. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis idea of future state (paradise): encouragement of hospitality and murder articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The paradise of a Kuki is a place situated in some northern region, exclu...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  37. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis nomadic habits: articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Kukis are very nomadic but gregarious, seldom occupying a village site more than three years, but migrating and re-settling in...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  38. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis villages: raja's house; stockade and fortifications; settling near cultivation; smoking and drinking; tobacco oil articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The village generally takes the ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  39. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis birthday feasts: baby fed with rice from mother's mouth; boy leaving family home to go to guard house; bride price; marriage; Thimpu officiates; pair presented with combs ar...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  40. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis combs: sacred articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 Combs, perhaps these particular combs are very sacred things. It is very unlucky to lose them, and man and wife only may use the sam...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  41. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis costume: turbans; use of feathers; daos; javelins; rhinoceros-hide armour; shields; pebble bead necklaces articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The national dress of the Kuki appears t...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  42. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis songs: language; bamboo pipes - ghosen; gongs articles Steward/ Major Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Kukis have songs in an old dialect of their language now obsolete, which, from th...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  43. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis disposal of the dead; smoking bodies; feasts; burial; skulls; human sacrifice on Raja's death articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 The Kukis bury their dead; but even amongst the poor...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  44. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Section 7. (2) - The Kukis lack of change in sixty years articles Steward/ Major Dalton/ E.T. 1872 It is not uninteresting to observe that the exhaustive notice of the Kukis in Kachar by Major Steward...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  45. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    photographs Naga chief articles Dalton/ E.T. Simpson/ Dr 1872 (20) PLATE 16. From a Photograph by Dr. SIMPSON. NAGA CHIEF. The wild inhabitants of the southern barrier of the Asam Valley, from the Dih...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  46. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    photographs man and woman of the Namsang Naga tribe articles Namsang Dalton/ E.T. Simpson/ Dr 1872 (21) PLATE 17. From a Photograph by Dr. SIMPSON. Male and female of the NAMSANG NAGA TRIBE. The Namsa...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  47. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    photographs natives of the Manipur Valley and Angami Naga articles Angami Dalton/ E.T. Brown/ Dr 1872 (22) PLATE 19. From Photographs by Dr. BROWN, late Political Agent, Manipur. Figs. 1, 2, & 3 S...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  48. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    photographs male and female of the Lower Naga group articles Dalton/ E.T. 1872 (23) PLATE 28. Male and Female of the LOWER NAGA GROUP. This is an admirable illustration of one of the Naga tribes, who ...
    Last modification: on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16