The Nagas

Hill Peoples of Northeast India

Project Introduction The Naga Database
  1. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Introduction origins of North East Frontier peoples articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (1) INTRODUCTION. I COMMENCE with the North-Eastern Frontier, the basin of the mighty Brahmaputra, where the population, like the conglomerate-boulders shining as mosaics in the beds..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  2. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Introduction Garos and Kasias articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 I do not introduce the Asam hill and border tribes as the aborigines of that province, but have rather endeavoured to show that its colonization, as a branch of the Aryan family, dates from a very remote ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  3. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Introduction Kingdom of Kamarupa or Kamrup; invasion from the north - Kachari, Chutia, Lahong and Mech; invasion from west and south-west - Ko'cch articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Their colonies gradually expanded into what was eventually known as the kingdom of ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  4. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Dimapur Introduction Chutia or Kachari dynasty; fortified city of Dimapur; invasion by Shans articles Dimapur Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (2) The Chutia or Kachari dynasty continued to hold southern Upper Asam and Sadiya and part of Naugaon (Nowgong), where they built a ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  5. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam possible derivation of term 'naga' articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (38) SECTION 6.- THE NAGAS OF UPPER ASAM. Having now reached the Butan boundary, let us cross the valley of the Brahmaputra and glance at the tribes occupying ..
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  6. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Robinson 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Bori Dihung R. Kopili R. Barak R. Dhunsiri R. Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam extent of country; differences between peoples called Nagas; language articles Robinson Bori Dihung R. Kopili R. Barak R. Dhunsiri R. Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 We ascend the ..
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  7. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Dhunsiri R. Diyung R. (Doyang R.) Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam villages: clans; hereditary chiefs articles Dhunsiri R. Diyung R. (Doyang R.) Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Nagas east of the Doyang river (The eastern affluent of the Dhunsiri (Long. 94o E., Lat. 26o..
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  8. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Sangnoi Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam houses: of chiefs; of others; skull shelves; British Government of Asam; murder by Nagas punished by punitive expeditions articles Mithun Tablong Chagnoi Mulong Joboka Namsangya Bordwaria Paidwaria Soto Sangnoi Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:..
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  9. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam tattooing: face tattoos; head-taking necessary before marriage articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 It was the custom of these clans to allow matrimony to those only who made themselves as hideous as possible by having their faces ..
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  10. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam communication and cultivation: paths; terracing; destruction of trees by ringing and burning articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The communications between friendly villages in the interior of the Naga Hills are admirably kept up. The ..
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  11. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Robinson 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Deko R. Dihung R. Namsang Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam burials: miniature houses for the dead; boat-shaped coffins; funeral; American missionaries articles Robinson Deko R. Dihung R. Namsang Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The approaches to the village are ..
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  12. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Robinson 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam religion: lack of belief in a divine power and no idea of heaven articles Robinson Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 I have no knowledge of the religious ceremonies of the Nagas east of the Dhunsiri. They have no temples and no ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  13. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam marriages: late age at marriage; groom service; monogamy; good treatment of wives articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Marriages are contracted comparatively late in life. This was the necessary consequence of the condition that it must..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  14. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Sangnoi Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam war-dance: description of one witnessed at Sangnoi articles Sangnoi Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Naga war dances commence with a review or sham fight. I witnessed one at Sangnoi in which vast numbers were engaged. The ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  15. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Sangnoi Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam costume: shell head pieces; hats; ornaments; girdles of polished plates of brass; aprons; cane leg bands; pole-axe; spears; chiefs' stools articles Sangnoi Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Many of the Naga chiefs, as the Namsangya ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  16. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam guard house: drums; alarms articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 In all these Naga villages of the interior there is, at each of the fortified entrances, a large building well raised as a look- out or watch-house in which a band of young..
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  17. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 6. The Nagas of Upper Asam physical traits: articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The young chiefs are sometimes fine looking men, and it is not an uncommon occurrence to find the chief himself a very portly personage; but the physique of the Nagas generally is ..
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  18. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Diyung R. (Doyang R.) Kopili section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River government: no chiefs; village spokesman's office no hereditary; council of elders; feuding between clans; village melees articles Diyung R. (Doyang R.) Kopili Dalton E.T. 1872-01-..
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  19. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River gods: sacrifices; omens; genna; fire; cultivation articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 These Nagas sacrifice to several spirits to whom different attributes are ascribed, but these are creatures, and ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  20. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River houses: bachelors' houses articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The houses are built with one of the gables elevated, whilst the other, that to the rear, slants down almost to the earth. The floors are ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  21. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River dances articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 These Nagas are fond of dancing. The men have a war dance, in which, as previously described, a representation of a battle is enacted, a dance in which the men..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  22. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River ornaments and dress: coiled brass armlets; beads; hairstyles articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 They are very fond of ornaments: one peculiar to this tribe is a coil of brass wire twisted round the arm..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  23. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River marriages: bride price; value of women's work articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The marriages are arranged by payment to the parents of the bride of her estimated value in cows, pigs, fowls, or drink...
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  24. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward Major 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River burial: coffins; stone cenotaphs articles Steward Major Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 These Nagas bury their dead close to their houses in a coffin formed of the hollow of a tree. A large ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  25. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River food etc: frogs, lizards, snakes, rats, dogs, monkeys, cats, rice-beer; drinking tobacco oil articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 In regard to food they are truly omnivorous - frogs, lizards, snakes, ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  26. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River Angami and Kachu Nagas: clan warfare - women unmolested; tribal warfare - women killed articles Kachu Angami Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Angami and Kachu Nagas occupying the tract of land immediately..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  27. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River weapons: fire-arms, spears, daos, panjies, shields articles Angami Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Angamis have of late years taken to fire-arms, and have succeeded in supplying themselves with a ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  28. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward Major 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 section 7. Lower Naga Group. (1) The Nagas west of the Doyang River Arung Nagas articles Steward Major Arung Kuki Manipuri Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The other Nagas described by Major Steward are the Arung tribe, numbering about 7,500 souls. On the whole ..
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  29. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis articles Steward Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 SECTION 7. (2)- THE KUKIS. Steward gives us accounts of two clans of Kukis now settled in Kachar, the old and the new; but they are obviously the same race, and the points of divergence ..
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  30. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    McCrea Surgeon 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis early notices: hereditary chiefs; clans with elected chiefs; villages; houses; hammocks; war; adoption; thieving; polygamy; idea of life after death enjoyed by those who commit most murders; head-taking articles McCrea Surgeon 1799-01-..
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  31. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Reynolds H.J. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis physiognomy: articles Reynolds H.J. Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 There appears to be considerable variety in the Kukis of the Chittagong jungles. Some are represented as very dark, but a recent visitor to some of the tribes called ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  32. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis settlement: permission by British to Settle in Kachar after defeat by Lushais articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Kukis first made their appearance in the hill country south of Kachar, 50 or 60 years ago (Steward's Note on Cachar.). They ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  33. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis government: chiefs-rajas; tribute; council; law; punishment; slavery; adultery or seduction articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Each of the tribes has a raja, whose dignity they consider themselves bound in honor and duty to maintain. The ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  34. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis deities: articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Kukis recognise a Supreme God and Creator whom they call Puthen. He is regarded as a benevolent deity, but he is the omniscient judge of man's actions, and awards punishments both in this world ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  35. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis diseases and cures; sacrifice; priests - Thimpu articles Steward Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 As with nearly all the aboriginal tribes, diseases are attributed to the malevolence of some deity, and the only cure thought of is a sacrifice..
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  36. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis idea of future state (paradise): encouragement of hospitality and murder articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The paradise of a Kuki is a place situated in some northern region, exclusively devoted to Kuki shades, where rice grows spontaneously..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  37. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis nomadic habits: articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Kukis are very nomadic but gregarious, seldom occupying a village site more than three years, but migrating and re-settling in large bodies, sometimes sufficient for 1,000 houses. On a ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  38. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis villages: raja's house; stockade and fortifications; settling near cultivation; smoking and drinking; tobacco oil articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The village generally takes the form of a street with several rows of houses on each side. ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  39. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis birthday feasts: baby fed with rice from mother's mouth; boy leaving family home to go to guard house; bride price; marriage; Thimpu officiates; pair presented with combs articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (47) They have a peculiar custom ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  40. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis combs: sacred articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Combs, perhaps these particular combs are very sacred things. It is very unlucky to lose them, and man and wife only may use the same comb. When a man dies, his comb is buried with him, and his..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  41. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis costume: turbans; use of feathers; daos; javelins; rhinoceros-hide armour; shields; pebble bead necklaces articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The national dress of the Kuki appears to be about as light and airy as that of the Naga. They wear a..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  42. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward Major 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis songs: language; bamboo pipes - ghosen; gongs articles Steward Major Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Kukis have songs in an old dialect of their language now obsolete, which, from the specimen given by Major Steward, are not ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  43. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis disposal of the dead; smoking bodies; feasts; burial; skulls; human sacrifice on Raja's death articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 The Kukis bury their dead; but even amongst the poor the bodies are first allowed to lie in state for several ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  44. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    Steward Major 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 Section 7. (2) - The Kukis lack of change in sixty years articles Steward Major Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 It is not uninteresting to observe that the exhaustive notice of the Kukis in Kachar by Major Steward, of which the details I have given are an ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  45. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 photographs Naga chief articles Dalton E.T. Simpson Dr 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (20) PLATE 16. nagasketchesP53711.jpg From a Photograph by Dr. SIMPSON. NAGA CHIEF. The wild inhabitants of the southern barrier of the Asam Valley, from the Dihing River in Upper Asam to the Kopili ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  46. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 photographs man and woman of the Namsang Naga tribe articles Namsang Dalton E.T. Simpson Dr 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (21) PLATE 17. nagasketchesP53712.jpg From a Photograph by Dr. SIMPSON. Male and female of the NAMSANG NAGA TRIBE. The Namsangya Nagas are found in the hills south..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16
  47. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 photographs natives of the Manipur Valley and Angami Naga articles Angami Dalton E.T. Brown Dr 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (22) PLATE 19. From Photographs by Dr. BROWN, late Political Agent, Manipur. Figs. 1, 2, & 3 nagasketchesP53715.jpg nagasketchesP53716.jpg nagasketches..
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  48. published - extracts from 'Descriptive Ethnography of Bengal' on Nagas by E.T. Dalton
    1872-01-01:1872-12-31 photographs male and female of the Lower Naga group articles Dalton E.T. 1872-01-01:1872-12-31 (23) PLATE 28. nagasketchesP53713.jpg Male and Female of the LOWER NAGA GROUP. This is an admirable illustration of one of the Naga tribes, who are found in the hills south of the ..
    Last modification on 02 Nov 2011 at 16:08:16